Method for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc., and device for realizing same

ABSTRACT

A method for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc. and a device for realizing same are disclosed, in which needle forwarding information for forwarding a needle is stored in a memory so that the needle can be inserted in sample vessels mounts on a sample vessel table. The needle is forwarded to the position of a desired sample vessel on the basis of the needle forwarding information stored in the memory apparatus and procedure to be inserted therein so that liquid sample is sucked and ejected through the needle. The storage of the needle forwarding information is effected by first setting apparatus and procedure for setting the needle forwarding information by inputting numerical values by means of an inputting device or second setting apparatus and procedure for setting the magnitude of the forwarding when the needle is really forwarded as the needle forwarding information. The first setting apparatus is driven, when numerical values are inputted, and the second setting apparatus is driven, when the input is effected through the arrow keys.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc. and a device for realizing same and in particular to a method for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc. and a device for realizing same, in which a forwarding distance of a needle can be set for forwarding the liquid samples, etc. according to the form of a sample vessel table, on which a plurality of sample vessels, etc. are mounted.

In a prior art device for forwarding automatically liquid samples one of a plurality of sample vessels arranged on a sample vessel table is selected and a needle is forwarded to the selected sample vessel to effect sampling. Usually it is effected by specifying a number allocated to the sample vessel to forward the needle to the position of the selected sample vessel. Heretofore there were two known procedures for forwarding it. By a first forwarding procedure, as disclosed in JP-A-63-145963, needle forwarding information corresponding to the used sample vessel table is stored in a memory table in the device for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc. In this case, an operation control section in the device calculates forwarding coordinates, starting from the needle forwarding information stored in the memory table and the sample vessel number to forward the needle to a target position, only by specifying the number of the sample vessel, to which the needle is to be forwarded. By a second forwarding procedure, as disclosed in JP-A-62-15466, the needle forwarding information corresponding to the used sample vessel table is not stored in the memory table described above. In this case, the sample vessel number is specified, after the needle forwarding information obtained by actually forwarding the needle has been stored in the memory table, and an operation processing control section forwards the needle to the position of the target sample vessel, using this information.

In the latter forwarding procedure described above, heretofore a method, by which numerical values were directly inputted by operating numeral keys, was used principally for setting the needle forwarding information, storing it in the memory table. As another method, there existed a method, by which the needle was actually forwarded to the target position by manipulating operating means for specifying the needle forwarding to obtain the needle forwarding information, which was to be set.

Concerning the method for setting the needle forwarding information in the device for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc. to store it in the memory table, in the case where the needle forwarding information concerning the used sample vessel table is known, the first method described above has an advantage that the operation is simple and that destruction of the needle by an erroneous operation is not feared. However, on the other hand, in the case where the needle forwarding information concerning the used sample vessel is unknown, it is necessary to measure previously the distance from the position of the origin in the needle forwarding space to the first sample vessel, the distance from the highest position of the needle to the bottom of the sample vessel, etc. and in addition it is difficult to measure these distances with a high precision. Therefore this method has a disadvantage that the needle was apt to be destroyed, if the needle was forwarded, using these measured data.

On the contrary, the second method described above does not have the disadvantage stated above, regarding the first method, and since the needle forwarding information is obtained while actually forwarding the needle in the case where the needle forwarding information concerning the sample vessel table is unknown, it is possible to set the forwarding information extremely precisely.

In the present practical utilization situation of the device for forwarding automatically liquid samples, the device is supplied to users in the state where it is so constructed that the first needle forwarding information setting method can be executed, presuming that a normalized sample vessel table usually supplied by a maker is used. However, from the standpoint of the user, concerning the sample vessel table, there are cases where a sample vessel table suitable for sample vessels fabricated by the maker, to which the user belongs, is desirable and cases where that fabricated by another maker is desirable. Even if the sample vessel table is in accordance with the standard for the device, there may be a case where it is desired to section the region, where sample vessels are mounted, so that various sorts of sample vessels having different sizes can be mounted to be used on one sample vessel table. Consequently, taking such a utilization situation into account, by using only the construction of the device for realizing the first needle forwarding information setting method described above, it is not possible to deal with the users' demand satisfactorily, which reduces the usability of the device for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a device for forwarding automatically liquid samples for which the first needle forwarding information setting method, by which numerical values are inputted, and the second needle forwarding information setting method, by which real forwarding of the needle is measured, are combined in order to increase usability thereof from the users' standpoint so that these setting methods can be selected without any special consciousness of the operator.

A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples, etc. according to the present invention, having a plurality of vessels; a vessel table on which the vessels are mounted; a mechanism for sucking and ejecting liquid samples, etc. provided with a needle, through which samples are sucked from and ejected to different vessels arranged on the vessel table; a needle forwarding mechanism for forwarding the needle to an arbitrary position on the vessel table; memory means for storing needle forwarding information determining the position, to which the needle is to be forwarded, on the basis of the number attached to each of the sample vessels on the vessel table; needle forwarding information setting means for setting and storing the needle forwarding information in the memory means; and operation processing control means for calculating the position, to which the needle is to be forwarded, on the basis of the needle forwarding information stored in the memory means and the specified vessel number, operating the needle forwarding mechanism on the basis of the data thus calculated to forward the needle to the target position, and at the same time executing various sorts of processings, operations and controls; is so constructed that the needle forwarding information setting means is provided with first setting means for setting the needle forwarding information on the basis of inputted numerical values, using numeral inputting means and second setting means for setting the needle forwarding information by really forwarding the needle to the target position by means of needle forwarding instructing means and positioning it so that the selection by the first setting means is established, when the numeral inputting means is operated and the selection by the second setting means is established, when the needle forwarding instructing means is operated.

In the device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to the present invention, a plurality of vessels are arranged on the vessel table and in the case where the needle is forwarded for example so that sample is sucked from an arbitrary one of these vessels, it is necessary that the needle forwarding information for the vessel table is prepared in the memory means. Thus, in the present device, in the case where the needle forwarding information set concerning the vessel table is known, since the operator inputs numerical values by using the numeral inputting means, the first setting means is selected automatically, and on the contrary, in the case where the needle forwarding information described above concerning the vessel table is unknown, since the operator really forwards the needle naturally by operating not the numeral inputting means but the needle forwarding instructing means such as an arrow key, etc., the second setting means is selected automatically.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a scheme indicating the system construction of an automatic liquid sample sampling device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an aspect of the device;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a sample vessel table;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the sample vessel table;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of another embodiment of the sample vessel table;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart for the procedure executed by the first setting means;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart for the procedure executed by the second setting means; and

FIG. 8 is a scheme showing variations on a display screen in a display section.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 is a scheme indicating the system construction of an automatic liquid sample sampling device which is an embodiment of a device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to the present invention and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an aspect of the device. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 is a needle; 2 is a box-shaped sample vessel table and 3 indicates a plurality of sample vessels mounted on the sample vessel table 2. The sample vessel table 2 is set at a predetermined position in the automatic liquid sample sampling device 4 and the different sample vessels 3 are arranged so that the openings thereof can be faced to the needle 1. The needle 1 is disposed so as to be moved freely in the x, y and z-directions, as indicated in the figure, within a predetermined region by a needle forwarding mechanism and control means controlling it, not shown in FIG. 2. The automatic liquid sample sampling device 4 is provided with a key manipulation section 5, through which various sorts of data or instructions can be inputted, and a display section 6, on which necessary messages are exhibited to the operator, at the front portion thereof.

On this key manipulation section 5 there are arranged numeral keys 7, arrow keys 8, a setting key 9, a needle forwarding direction selecting key 10, a needle forwarding information setting starting key 11, a forwarding condition setting key 12, an ending key 13, and a sampling operation executing key 14. Further, in the interior of the automatic liquid sample sampling device 4 there is disposed a sample sucking and ejecting mechanism, which sucks and ejects samples from and to different sample vessels arranged on the sample vessel table 2 by means of the needle 1.

In FIG. 1, 20 is an operation processing section constituted by a microcomputer and within which there is disposed a buffer 21, in which various sorts of data when data and instructions are transmitted and received are stored. The data and instructions inputted through the key manipulation section 5 are given to the operation processing section 20. Further data for messages given to the operator are supplied from the operation processing section 20 to the display section 6.

The reference numeral 22 denotes a sequence table; 23 is a forwarding condition table; and 24 is a needle forwarding information table. Arrows 23a and 24a indicated in the forwarding condition table 23 and the needle forwarding information table 24, respectively, represent conceptually pointers. The operation processing section 20 receives a sequence program from the sequence table 22 to form an instruction for a series of sequence operations and executes the automatic sampling operation while transmitting/receiving various conditions or different information sets to/from the forwarding condition table 23 and the needle forwarding information table 24. A control section is identified at 25, and 26 is a needle forwarding mechanism which forwards the needle 1. The operation of the needle forwarding mechanism 26 is controlled by the control section 25 receiving control instructions form the operation processing section 20. After the needle has been inserted in either one of the sample vessels, the sample is sucked or ejected by a sample sucking and ejecting mechanism through the control section 25 according to an instruction from the operation processing section 20.

In the construction described above the forwarding condition setting key 12 in the key manipulation section 5 is one for starting to input various sorts of forwarding conditions in the forwarding condition table 23. This input operation is terminated by manipulating the ending key 13. As the forwarding conditions, there are e.g. the file number for the needle forwarding information; the number of the sample vessel, to which the needle is to be forwarded; the quantity sucked through the needle; the analysis waiting time, etc.

The sampling operation executing key 14 is one for starting the sampling operation. When the sampling operation executing key 14 is operated, the operation processing section 20 calls an instruction to execute a predetermined operation procedure from the sequence table 22. At the same time, it calls the forwarding conditions specified by the pointer 23a in the forwarding condition table 23 one after another and converts the instruction described above combined with the forwarding conditions into an instruction signal, which is given to the control section 25, so that the sampling operation is executed through the needle forwarding mechanism 26. As instructions to execute the operation procedure described above, there are e.g. instructions such as 1 to forward the needle to the sample vessel corresponding to the sample vessel number and to insert it into the opening thereof; 2 to suck the sample through the needle in an amount to be sucked and to start the analysis after having forwarded it to an analyzing apparatus; 3 to wait for the lapse of the analysis waiting time, etc.

In the case where the needle forwarding information corresponding to the used sample vessel table 2 has been already set in the needle forwarding information table 24, it is possible to specify the sampling operation by setting the file number corresponding to the forwarding conditions while operating the numeral keys 7 and the setting key 9 as described previously, and thereafter the sampling operation is executed by operating the sampling operation executing key 14. The automatic sampling operation as described above is already known and such a device is already sold in the market e.g. as Autoinjector SIL-6B.

In the case where the needle forwarding information corresponding to the used sample vessel table 2 has not been set yet in the needle forwarding information table 24, it is necessary to set the corresponding needle forwarding information by operating the needle forwarding information setting key 11. The present invention relates to the manner how this needle forwarding information should be set, which will be explained below, referring to FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the used sample vessel table 2 and FIG. 4 is a side view thereof. It is supposed that the needle forwarding information corresponding to this sample vessel table 2 has not been set yet in the needle forwarding information table 24. In FIGS. 3 and 4, the sample vessel table 2 is rectangular and a number of sample vessels 3 having a same shape are arranged thereon. Ny sample vessels 2 are arranged along the longer side and Nx sample vessels are arranged along the shorter side. The parameters defined as needle forwarding information in FIGS. 3 and 4 are as follows:

X1: distance in the x-direction from the origin O of the needle to the nearest sample vessel S1;

Y1: distance in the y-direction from the origin O of the needle to the nearest sample vessel S1;

X2: distance in the x-direction from the origin O of the needle to the farthest sample vessel S2;

Y2: distance in the y-direction from the origin O of the needle to the farthest sample vessel S2;

Z0: distance in the z-direction from the highest point (z-coordinate in a system, whose origin is O) of the needle to the bottom of the sample vessel;

Nx: number of sample vessels in the x-direction on the sample vessel table 2; and

Ny: number of sample vessels in the y-direction on the sample vessel table 2.

In addition, Xp and Yp in FIG. 3 are pitches in the x- and the y-direction, respectively, and Xn is equal to X2-X1, while Yn is equal to Y2-Y1.

Starting from parameters as the needle forwarding information and the sample vessel number i, the needle forwarding coordinates (xi, yi, zi) of the sample vessel having the number i are given by the following formulas; ##EQU1## where the sample vessel numbers i are allocated downward from the highest to the lowest position of the leftmost row, then downward from the highest to the lowest position of the second row, and so forth, starting from 1.

The following two cases are conceivable as cases where the needle forwarding information is newly set.

In a first case, a sample vessel table supplied by a maker is used. In this case, since the numerical values corresponding to the different parameters in the needle forwarding information are offered by the maker, the needle forwarding information corresponding to the sample vessel table can be inputted in the needle forwarding information table 24 by inputting these numerical values by means of the numeral keys 7 and the setting key 9. Hereinbelow this method is called first setting means.

In a second case, a sample vessel table fabricated by a user himself is used. In this case, since the needle forwarding information is unknown, X1, Y1, X2, Y2 and Z0 are set while really forwarding the needle 1 by means of the arrow keys 8 and the needle forwarding direction selecting key 10 and numerical values for Nx and Ny are inputted by means for the numeral keys 7. Hereinbelow this method is called second setting means.

Further, even if the sample vessel table is supplied by the maker, as indicated e.g. in FIG. 5, also in the case where the mounting region on the sample vessel table 2 is divided into a plurality of regions 2A, 2B and 2C, corresponding to different sorts of sample vessels used by the user, the first region 2A being used for sample tubes, the second region 2B for reagent tubes, the third region 2C for reaction tubes, and it is used in such a manner that sample vessels 3A, 3B and 3C having different sizes are arranged in the different regions, it is necessary to set the needle forwarding information for each of the regions on such a sample vessel table 2 by using the second setting means described above. The region for chemical reagent tubes may be the leftmost region 2A.

Now a method, by which the needle forwarding information is set in the automatic liquid sample sampling device having the construction described above, will be explained, based on the flow charts indicated in FIGS. 6 and 7. The program for executing these flow charts is set in the sequence table 22 and executed by the operation processing section 20.

In FIG. 6, indicating the basic flow chart, at first, when the needle forwarding information setting starting key 11 is pushed, this flow is started. In Step 100, a message urging the operator to input a file number setting the needle forwarding information is displayed in the display section 6. According thereto, in Step 101, the file number is inputted by using the numeral keys 7. Here, a plurality of tables existing one after another, as indicated conceptually in the needle forwarding information table 24 in FIG. 1, the file number is a number for specifying where the relevant table is. By this inputting operation, in Step 110, a message urging the operator to input the numerical value of X1, which is a first parameter for the needle forwarding is displayed in the display section 6. This display is effected in the form of the first setting means described above, by which the needle forwarding information is set by inputting numerical values. In Step 120, the device is in a state where a manipulation of a key concerning the input of the relevant numerical values is awaited. When a key is pushed, in Step 130, it is judged whether the key is an arrow key 8 or not. When it is not an arrow key 8, in Step 140, it is judged whether it is a numeral key 7. In the case where it is neither arrow key 8 nor numeral key 7, the procedure returns to Step 120 and the device is again in the state where a manipulation of the keys is awaited.

When the numeral key is pushed, the first setting means described above is selected and in Step 200, a numeral key code corresponding to the pushed numeral key 7 is taken in the buffer 21 and in the following Step 210 a key input manipulation is again awaited. When another key is inputted, in Step 220, it is judged whether it is the setting key 9 or not. When it is not the setting key, in Step 230, it is judged whether it is a numeral key 7 or not. When it is neither setting key 9 nor numeral key 7, the procedure returns to Step 210, and a key input manipulation is awaited. When the number has two figures, a numeral key is pushed again. When it is judged in Step 230 that a numeral key 7 is pushed, in Step 200, the numeral key code corresponding to the pushed key is taken in the buffer 21 and in Step 210, the device is again in the state where the key input manipulation is awaited. When it is judged in Step 220 that the setting key 9 is pushed, in Step 240, the numeral key code taken in the buffer 21 is converted into a numerical value and stored at a position indicated by the pointer 24a corresponding to the specified file number in the needle forwarding information table 24. Thereafter the pointer is advanced by 1 . In Step 250, it is judged whether the parameter thus set is the last or not. In the case where it is not the last parameter, in Step 260, a message urging the operator to input the numerical value of the following parameter is displayed in the display section 6, the procedure returns to Step 210 and the device is in the state where a numerical value input is awaited. When it is judged, in Step 250, the setting of all the parameters concerning the needle forwarding information is terminated, the processing for setting the needle forwarding information by the first setting means described above, based on the inputted numerical values, is ended.

When it is judged, in Step 130, that the arrow key 8 is manipulated, i.e. when the operator manipulates the arrow key 8, after the message urging the operator to input the numerical value of X1, which is the first parameter of the needle forwarding information, has been displayed, the procedure proceeds to Step 300. In this Step 300, the second setting means described above, by which the needle forwarding information is set, while really forwarding the needle, is selected. Consequently Steps 120 to 140 represent a process carrying out the mode selecting function, by which one of the first setting means and the second setting means is selected. The process by the second setting means will be explained below, referring to FIG. 7.

When it is judged in Step 130 that the arrow key is pushed, the procedure indicated in FIG. 7 is started and the second setting means is selected. At first, in Step 310, the needle 1 is moved automatically to the position of the origin O. In following Step 320, the content of the display in the display section 6 is changed over on the screen for setting the parameters, accompanied by the forwarding of the needle described previously. This state is indicated in FIG. 8. In FIG. 8, 6A represents an image, when the first setting means is operable. When the arrow key 8 is manipulated in this state, it is changed into another image 6B for the second setting means. In the image 6B, the needle 1 is set at the position of the origin as the input state. As the result the numerical values for the parameters X1, Y1 and Z are set at 0 and displayed. A mask 27 (asterisk) on the image 6B in the display section 6 is one for specifying the direction, in which the needle can be moved by the arrow key 8.

When the second setting means is in an operable state, in Step 330, a key input is awaited. When a key is pushed, in Step 340, Step 360 and Step 380, it is judged which key is pushed among the needle forwarding direction selecting key 10, the arrow key 8 and the setting key 9. When the needle forwarding direction selecting key 10 is pushed, in Step 350, the needle forwarding direction is changed and the position of the mark 27 in the display section 6 is moved to another position. The order, in which the needle forwarding direction is changed over by the needle forwarding direction selecting key 10, is x, y and z. This is repeated, every time the key 10 is pushed. When the needle forwarding direction is changed over, the procedure returns to Step 330 and another key input is awaited.

When the arrow key 8 is pushed, in Step 370 it is judged to be YES and in Step 371 it is judged to be NO. In Step 372, as long as the key for forwarding the needle in the positive direction (direction, in which the distance measured from the origin O increases) with respect to the needle forwarding direction, for which the arrow key 8 is pushed at that time, is pushed, the distance from the origin O to the needle is displayed in the display section 6 at the same time as the needle 1 is being forwarded in the positive direction by the needle control section 25 and the needle forwarding mechanism 26. Similarly, as long as the key for forwarding the needle in the negative direction (direction, in which the distance measured from the origin O decreases) is pushed, the distance from the origin to the needle is displayed in the display section 6 at the same time as the needle is being forwarded in the negative direction. As long as the arrow key continued to be pushed, in Step 370, it is judged to be YES. When the duration, in which the key is pushed, exceeds 2 seconds, in Step 371, it is judged to be YES and in Step 373, the forwarding speed is increased by a factor 3. Thus, in Step 372, the needle is forwarded with the trebled speed. When the operator gets his finger away from the arrow key 8, in Step 370, it is judged to be NO and the forwarding of the needle 1 is stopped. The procedure returns to Step 330 and the key input is awaited.

As described above, the control of the forwarding of the needle 1, when the arrow key 8 is manipulated, is effected in such a manner that the needle is forwarded slowly in the first 2 seconds and thereafter it is forwarded with a speed three times as high as the initial forwarding speed. In this way, a rapid forwarding is made possible and in addition it is possible to effect fine regulation.

In the case where both the first parameter (X1) and the second parameter (Y1) are set, the needle 1 is forwarded to the center of the sample vessel S1, which is the closest to the origin O of the needle on the sample vessel table 2, by using the needle forwarding direction selecting key 10 and the arrow key 8. At this time, since the device is so constructed that needle forwarding in the z-direction can be also selected, it is possible to set X1 and Y1 correctly by inserting the needle 1 in the sample vessel S1 and forwarding it to the central position of the vessel. When the setting key 9 is pushed after having forwarded the needle 1 to the target position, in Step 380, it is judged to be YES. Then, in Step 390, the distance from the origin O of the needle to the needle at the target position, i.e. the first parameter (X1) and the second parameter (Y1), is stored at the position indicated by the pointer 24a corresponding to the specified file number in the needle forwarding information table 24. In this case, at first, the first parameter X1 is stored at the position indicated by the pointer 24a and then the pointer 24a is updated in order to store the second parameter Y1 at the succeeding position. Thereafter the pointer 24a is further updated. In succeeding Step 400, it is judged while forwarding the needle 1 whether setting of the parameters to be set (X1, Y1, X2, Y2, Z0) is terminated or not and if there remain parameters to be set, the procedure returns to Step 320.

The third parameter (X2) and the fourth parameter (Y2) are set by using the setting key 9 in the same manner as described above after having forwarded the needle 1 to the center position of the sample vessel S2, which is the farthest from the origin O of the needle, according to the procedure from Step 330 to Step 373. The fifth parameter (Z0) is set by using the setting key 9 after having forwarded the needle 1 to the bottom of the sample vessel.

When the setting of the parameters up to and including the fifth parameter, the procedure proceeds to Step 410, where an image to set the sixth parameter (Nx) by inputting numerical values is displayed in the display section 6, and in Step 420, a key input is awaited. When a key is pushed, in Steps 430 an 440, it is judged whether it is the setting key 9 or a numeral key 7. In the case where it is a numeral key 7, the numeral key code, for which the key is pushed in Step 450, is taken in the buffer 21. When the setting key 9 is pushed, in Step 460, data are converted into a numerical value on the basis of the key code taken in the buffer 21, which is stored at the position indicated by the pointer, and the pointer 24a is updated. In Step 470, it is judged whether the setting of the final seventh parameter (Ny) is terminated or not. When it is not yet terminated, the procedure returns to Step 410 and the setting of the seventh parameter (Ny) is effected in the same way as in the case for the sixth parameter. When the setting of the seventh is terminated, the processing for setting the needle forwarding information by using the second setting means is terminated.

Setting of the needle, in the case where sample vessels 3A, 3B and 3C having sizes different from each other are mounted in different regions 2A, 2B and 2C, will be explained.

In this case, the setting is effected in the order of the three regions 2A, 2B and 2C according to the flow charts indicated in FIGS. 6 and 7. That is, when the needle forwarding information setting starting key 11 is pushed in order to set the region 2A at first, the flow indicated in FIG. 6 is started. Since it is instructed and displayed in Step 100 to input the file number, the file, in which the needle forwarding information for the region 2A is inputted, is selected from the needle forwarding information table and the file number (for example, No. 1) thereof is inputted in Step 101. The operations following Step 110 are effected completely in the same way as described previously. However, the setting of the parameters X1, Y1, X2 and Y2 is effected according to the positions of the leftmost and uppermost sample vessel and the rightmost and lowest sample vessel in the region 2A.

For setting the parameters for the succeeding region 2B the needle forwarding information setting starting key 11 is pushed again to start the flow indicated in FIG. 6. In Step 101, the succeeding file number (for example, No. 2) is specified for inputting the needle forwarding information for the region 2B and the succeeding operations are executed in the same way as described previously. Also for the third region 2C the key 11 is pushed and a file number (for example, No. 3) is inputted to start the setting of the parameter.

As described previously, in the present embodiment, the device is so constructed that, in the case where it is necessary to set needle forwarding information in order to use a sample vessel table 2, for which no needle forwarding information is set in the needle forwarding information table, in the liquid sample automatic sampling device 4, as means for setting the needle forwarding information there are disposed the first setting means by inputting numerical values, using the numeral keys 7 and the second setting means for setting the needle forwarding information while really forwarding the needle, using the arrow keys 8, which are needle forwarding instructing means, one of which means can be selected. The first setting means is used, in the case where the needle forwarding information on the sample vessel table is known. On the contrary, the second setting means is used, in the case where the needle forwarding information on the sample vessel table is unknown. In the initial state by the initial operation the first setting means is set automatically and thereafter the first setting means and the second setting means are selected suitably according to the operation to be used by the operator. However no special means for switching is disposed but only the numeral keys 7 for inputting numerical values and the arrow keys 8 serving as the needle forwarding instructing means are disposed. When the operator begins the operation of either one of the keys, one of the setting means is selected automatically and definitely. That is, this selection is defined by one operation. As described above, since there is disposed no special switching means for selecting alternatively one of the first setting means and the second setting means and the operator may manipulate either one of the numeral keys 7 and the arrow keys 8 according to the condition, it is possible to manipulate them easily. In this way, the operator can carry out function selection of the first and the second setting means without any consciousness and it is possible to adopt always the most suitable needle forwarding information setting means, depending on the condition. Therefore it can be extremely easily used by the user and in addition it is possible to prevent destruction, etc. of the needle due to erroneous operation.

Although, in the embodiment described above, the setting of the needle forwarding information on the sample vessel has been explained, the construction of the needle forwarding information setting means according to the present invention can be applied also to an automatic sampling device dealing with chemical reagent flasks and reaction tubes apart from sample vessels, and articles similar thereto. Consequently the term "sample vessel" in the explanation in the embodiments of the present invention includes conceptually the chemical reagent flasks and the reaction tubes stated above.

Further it is possible of course to construct the device so as to be provided with a special switching key exclusively used for selecting the first setting means and the second setting means. 

I claim:
 1. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples, comprising:a plurality of different kinds of vessels; a vessel table having a plurality of different regions, on which respective kinds of those different kinds of vessels are mounted; memory means for storing needle forwarding information determining a position, to which a needle is to be forwarded with respect to each of the vessels on said vessel table; needle forwarding information setting means storing said needle forwarding information in said memory means; a needle forwarding mechanism for forwarding said needle on the basis of the needle forwarding information stored in said memory means so that the needle can be inserted in and drawn out from each of said vessels mounted on said vessel table; a liquid sucking and ejecting mechanism for sucking and ejecting liquid, which is to be forwarded with respect to each of said vessels, through said needle; and control means for controlling said needle forwarding mechanism and said liquid sucking and ejecting mechanism on the basis of said needle forwarding information stored on said memory means; wherein said needle forwarding information setting means comprises: first setting means for setting said needle forwarding information by inputting numerical values by means of an inputting device; second setting means for setting said needle forwarding information by really forwarding said needle to an target position by needle forwarding instructing means and detecting the magnitude of the forwarding; operation mode selecting means, which drives said first setting means, when numerical values are inputted through said inputting device, and said second setting means, when said needle forwarding instructing means is operated; means for specifying a file number for said memory means; means for storing said needle forwarding information in the file specified by said specifying means such that said needle forwarding information setting means is means for setting said needle forwarding information in said plurality of different regions one after another.
 2. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to claim 1, wherein said vessels are different sizes of sample vessels.
 3. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to claim 1, whereinsaid needle forwarding information, which is to be stored in said memory means, includes information representing forwarding magnitudes of said needle from a standby position, to which said needle is retreated, to the position of the vessel closest to the standby position and from the standby position to the position of the vessel farthest to the standby position, information representing forwarding magnitudes of said needle, when said needle is inserted in and drawn out from said vessels, and information concerning the number of the vessels mounted on said vessel table; and said control means includes means for calculating the position of each of the vessels, to which said needle is to be forwarded on the basis of said needle forwarding information, and a control section, which drives said needle forwarding mechanism on the basis of calculation results from the calculating means.
 4. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to claim 3, whereinsaid numerical values, which are to be inputted from said inputting device in said first setting means, are numerical values predetermined for said vessel table and include numerical values representing forwarding magnitudes of said needle from a standby position, to which said needle is retreated, to the position of the vessel closest to the standby position and from the standby position to the position of the vessel farthest from the standby position, numerical values representing forwarding magnitudes of said needle, when said needle is inserted in and drawn out from said vessels, and numerical values concerning the number of the vessels mounted on said vessel table.
 5. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to claim 3, wherein said second setting means comprises:means for storing numerical values representing forwarding magnitudes of said needle from a standby position, to which said needle is retreated, to the position of the vessel closest to the standby position and from the standby position to the position of the vessel farthest from the standby position in said memory means, means for storing numerical values representing forwarding magnitudes of said needle, when said needle is inserted in and drawn out from said vessels, and means for storing numerical values concerning the number of the vessels mounted on said vessel table in said memory means.
 6. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to claim 1, whereinsaid needle forwarding instructing means is a pair of arrow keys for instructing the forwarding direction of said needle.
 7. A device for forwarding automatically liquid samples according to claim 8, whereinsaid needle forwarding mechanism includes further means for judging whether the duration, in which either one of said arrow keys is pushed, exceeds a predetermined period of time or not and means for increasing the forwarding speed of said needle, when said judging means judges that the duration exceeds the predetermined period of time. 